从零开始安装配置 Ubuntu Unity 18.04.2

2019-03-02T07:37:00

前一阵出国了，享受了没有防火长城的互联网络。然后回国后发现我的笔记本就跟中了毒一样，开始了崩溃。先是 DNS 服务无法启动，然后是网络挂掉，最后是内核崩溃。折腾一圈勉强能跑了，但感觉系统也是在苟延残喘，最后决定重装。

重装系统对我来说不是简单的事情，因为我用的是 Ubuntu Unity ，而 Ubuntu 已经抛弃了 Unity，也没有什么衍生版可用，虽然有人维护过一个 Ubuntu Unity 的镜像，但是那个维护者还得了癌症，天天用轮椅在敲代码也是不容易。

最后只能依靠自己了，一步一步安装一个“干净的” Ubuntu Unity 18.04.2 好了。

1，下载安装 Ubuntu Minimal CD

安装干净的 Ubuntu Unity 的话只能通过类似安装 ArchLinux 的方式，从 MInimal CD 实现 netinstall 了。

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/MinimalCD

安装的方式和一般 Ubuntu 差不多，只是在安装到选择软件包的时候，记得什么都不选。

安装完毕之后就可以进入纯命令行的界面了，当然记得安装的时候需要连接网络，无线网络我不知道，最好是有线网络。

启动进入系统之后，确保网络连接正常，输入以下命令开始安装 Ubuntu Unity 整个桌面包。

sudo apt install ubuntu-unity-desktop

安装完毕后重启，你的系统就有了一个纯净的 Ubuntu Unity 桌面了。

之后就开始进行系统安装的初始化配置了，记录一下笔记好了。

安装常用软件和主题

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:papirus/papirus -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/telegram -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:numix/ppa -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/atareao -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gottcode/gcppa -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nextcloud-devs/client -y
sudo add-apt-repository -u ppa:snwh/ppa -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntuhandbook1/shutter -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kasra-mp/ubuntu-indicator-weather -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test -y
sudo add-apt-repository -u ppa:snwh/ppa -k
sudo apt-get install fcitx fcitx-sunpinyin fcitx-module-cloudpinyin gtk2-engines-murrine:i386 libudev1:i386 vlc i965-va-driver vainfo gimp inkscape openshot shutter filezilla audacity classicmenu-indicator numix-gtk-theme shimmer-themes numix-icon* caffeine leafpad git unity-tweak-tool fcitx-mozc ibus-qt4 curl ctags vim-doc vim-scripts cscope fonts-dejavu indent vim vim-gnome exuberant-ctags  psensor libluajit-5.1-2 python3-pip  ubuntu-make ppa-purge jayatana compizconfig-settings-manager zsh telegram wget papirus-folders papirus-icon-theme filezilla-theme-papirus exfat-fuse exfat-utils ttf-bitstream-vera gtk2-engines-pixbuf gnome-themes-standard paper-icon-theme indicator-weather gcc-8 nextcloud-client focuswriter paper-icon-theme -y

sudo chmod 777 -R /opt/telegram

修正 Unity 的 Fractional Scaling，如果你需要 1.5X 缩放可以安装

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:arter97/unity
sudo apt dist-upgrade

Libreoffice

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa

安装常用插件和小程序

wget https://launchpadlibrarian.net/292068009/indicator-sound-switcher_2.1.1ubuntu0-1_all.deb
wget http://ppa.launchpad.net/nilarimogard/webupd8/ubuntu/pool/main/s/syspeek/syspeek_0.3+bzr26-1~webupd8~zesty_all.deb
wget https://www.dropbox.com/download?dl=packages/ubuntu/dropbox_2019.01.31_amd64.deb
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/deadbeef/debian/deadbeef-static_0.7.2-2_amd64.deb
wget https://launchpadlibrarian.net/330848294/libgtk2-appindicator-perl_0.15-1build5_amd64.deb

安装常用解码器并删除没用的 snappy

sudo apt remove snapd
sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras

安装 Terminator

sudo apt-get install terminator
sudo update-alternatives --config x-terminal-emulator
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec 'terminator'

TLP

sudo apt-get install tlp tlp-rdw tp-smapi-dkms acpi-call-dkms thermald powertop

Python3

sudo pip3 install pep8
sudo pip3 install jedi

安装 ZSH 并修改主题

sh -c "$(wget https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"
wget --no-check-certificate https://raw.githubusercontent.com/seebi/dircolors-solarized/master/dircolors.ansi-dark
mv dircolors.ansi-dark .dircolors
eval `dircolors ~/.dircolors`
git clone https://github.com/sigurdga/gnome-terminal-colors-solarized.git
cd gnome-terminal-colors-solarized
./set_dark.sh

安装 arc-flatabulous-theme

sudo apt install sassc autoconf automake pkg-config libgtk-3-dev git -y
git clone https://github.com/cnsworder/arc-flatabulous-theme && cd arc-flatabulous-theme
./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr --disable-transparency 
sudo make install

干掉丑陋的 fcitx 默认管理器

sudo apt remove fcitx-ui-qimpanel

科学上网

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fsgmhoward/shadowsocks-libev
sudo apt install simple-obfs
sudo vim /etc/shadowsocks-libev/config.json
sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/shadowsocks-libev.service
sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/shadowsocks-libev-local.service

sudo vim /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
sudo systemctl stop systemd-resolved.service
https://github.com/shawn1m/overture

sudo bash -c 'cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf' << EOF\
\
net.core.default_qdisc=fq\
net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr\
EOF
sudo sysctl -p\

Hi Res 与蓝牙 LDAC

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:eh5/pulseaudio-a2dp -y
sudo apt-get install  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth

sudo vim /etc/pulse/daemon.conf


resample-method = soxr-vhq
default-sample-format = s32le
default-sample-rate = 192000
alternate-sample-rate = 96000


pulseaudio -k
pulseaudio --start

sudo vim /etc/pulse/default.pa 

# LDAC Standard Quality
load-module module-bluetooth-discover a2dp_config="ldac_eqmid=sq"

# LDAC High Quality; Force LDAC/PA PCM sample format as Float32LE
#load-module module-bluetooth-discover a2dp_config="ldac_eqmid=hq ldac_fmt=f32"

Disable the whitedot background in Lightdm

gsettings set com.canonical.unity-greeter draw-grid false
sudo xhost +SI:localuser:lightdm
sudo su lightdm -s /bin/bash
gsettings set com.canonical.unity-greeter draw-grid false

Theme your Unity Dash Button

wget https://file.plumz.me/launcher_bfb.png
sudo mv /usr/share/unity/icons/launcher_bfb.png /usr/share/unity/icons/launcher_bfb.png.bak
sudo cp launcher_bfb.png /usr/share/unity/icons/

VMWARE FIX Kernel 5.0

git clone -b workstation-15.0.2 https://github.com/mkubecek/vmware-host-modules.git
cd vmware-host-modules
tar -cf vmmon.tar vmmon-only
tar -cf vmnet.tar vmnet-only
sudo cp -v vmmon.tar vmnet.tar /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/
sudo vmware-modconfig --console --install-all

coyq

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hluk/copyq-beta
sudo apt install copyq

修复指点杆与触摸板的问题，指点杆唤醒后失灵，触摸板没有手掌检测

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system-sleep/trackpad

#!/bin/sh

case $1/$2 in
  pre/*)
    echo "Going to $2..."
    # Place your pre suspend commands here, or `exit 0` if no pre suspend action required
    modprobe -r psmouse
    ;;
  post/*)
    echo "Waking up from $2..."
    # Place your post suspend (resume) commands here, or `exit 0` if no post suspend action required
    sleep 2
    modprobe psmouse
    ;;
esac

sudo chmod 755 /lib/systemd/system-sleep/trackpad

wget https://launchpadlibrarian.net/408808293/libinput-tools_1.12.6-1_amd64.deb
wget https://launchpadlibrarian.net/408808294/libinput10_1.12.6-1_amd64.deb
wget https://launchpadlibrarian.net/408808292/libinput-bin_1.12.6-1_amd64.deb

Enable Thinkpad X1 Carbon Trackpoint

sudo vim /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

comment out the line:

blacklist i2c_801

Change Dir to English

export LANG=en_US
xdg-user-dirs-gtk-update
export LANG=zh_CN

Change default fonts to WQY-microhei

sudo apt install fonts-wqy-* xfonts-wqy
sudo apt install 
sudo gedit /etc/fonts/conf.avail/69-language-selector-zh-cn.conf
sudo apt remove fonts-noto-cjk
sudo apt remove fonts-noto-mono 
sudo apt install

with this:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>serif</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
      <string>Bitstream Vera Serif</string>
      <string>HYSong</string>
      <string>AR PL UMing CN</string>
      <string>AR PL UMing HK</string>
      <string>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</string>
      <string>AR PL New Sung</string>
      <string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
      <string>AR PL UKai CN</string>
      <string>AR PL ZenKai Uni</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>sans-serif</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
      <string>Bitstream Vera Sans</string>
      <string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</string>
      <string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string>
      <string>Droid Sans Fallback</string>
      <string>HYSong</string>
      <string>AR PL UMing CN</string>
      <string>AR PL UMing HK</string>
      <string>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</string>
      <string>AR PL New Sung</string>
      <string>AR PL UKai CN</string>
      <string>AR PL ZenKai Uni</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>monospace</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
      <string>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</string>
      <string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei Mono</string>
      <string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono</string>
      <string>Droid Sans Fallback</string>
      <string>HYSong</string>
      <string>AR PL UMing CN</string>
      <string>AR PL UMing HK</string>
      <string>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</string>
      <string>AR PL New Sung</string>
      <string>AR PL UKai CN</string>
      <string>AR PL ZenKai Uni</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
</fontconfig>

Install WPS Office

wget http://kdl1.cache.wps.com/ksodl/download/linux/a21//wps-office_10.1.0.5707~a21_amd64.deb
wget http://kdl.cc.ksosoft.com/wps-community/download/fonts/wps-office-fonts_1.0_all.deb
wget http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i wps-office_10.1.0.5707~a21_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i wps-office-fonts_1.0_all.deb

Configure libinput

sudo vim /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/40-libinput.conf

add

Option "Tapping" "on"
Option "NaturalScrolling" "true"
Option "ClickMethod" "clickfinger"
Option "DisableWhileTyping" "True"

and these to trackpoint

Option "AccelProfile" "flat"
Option "AccelSpeed" "0.0"

干掉温度墙

sudo apt install git virtualenv build-essential python3-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev libgirepository1.0-dev libcairo2-dev

git clone https://github.com/erpalma/lenovo-throttling-fix.git

sudo ./install.sh

sudo vim /etc/lenovo_fix.conf


[BATTERY]
# Other options here...
PL2_Tdp_W: 40
Trip_Temp_C: 75


[AC]
# Other options here...
PL1_Tdp_W: 34
PL2_Tdp_W: 40
Trip_Temp_C: 90

[UNDERVOLT]
# CPU core voltage offset (mV)
CORE: -80
# Integrated GPU voltage offset (mV)
GPU: -75
# CPU cache voltage offset (mV)
CACHE: -80
# System Agent voltage offset (mV)
UNCORE: -75
# Analog I/O voltage offset (mV)
ANALOGIO: 0

sudo service lenovo_fix restart

添加自动完成 rescale 的脚本

sudo vim /opt/kits/rescale.sh

#!/bin/bash

xrandr --query  | grep ' connected' | grep 2560 > /dev/null
result=$?
 
if [ $result -ne 0 ]; then
      # HD
    gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.icon-view default-zoom-level standard
#    gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-size 24
#    export QT_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTORS=1
#    export QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR=1
    pidof fcitx | xargs kill
    pidof nautilus-desktop | xargs kill
    nohup fcitx  1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null &
    nohup nautilus-desktop  1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null &
else
    # WQHD
    gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.icon-view default-zoom-level large
#    gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-size 42
#    export QT_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTORS=1.5
#    export QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR=0
    pidof fcitx | xargs kill
    pidof nautilus-desktop | xargs kill
    nohup fcitx  1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null &
    nohup nautilus-desktop  1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null &
fi

捆绑到快捷键 C+A+R，每次换显示器可以按一下。

至此配置完毕。

目前已知的问题：

1，修改桌面壁纸后，发现 Login Backgroud Screen 并不会跟着修改。(问题已经修复，看这里）
2，安装类似 Copyq 和 clipt 之类的剪切板管理软件后，系统通过右上角执行重启操作的时候会等待 30 秒才有反应。

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